Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part B (2025)

Andalusia, in its final stages witnessed profound civilizational and political transformations, marked by the retreat of Islamic presence and the disintegration of social and cultural structures These shifts directly impacted literary output, especially poetry Amidst this historical collapse features of alienation emerged as a complex psychological and artistic phenomenon clearly manifested in the discourse of poets who lived through or mourned that era.

Accordingly this study is based on a psychological and aesthetic analysis of the manifestations of alienation in Andalusian poetry treating it as a distressed literary discourse that reflects a rupture in the relationship between the self and the world, identity and place language and meaning.

The central research question is How did alienation emerge as a psychological and artistic structure in late Andalusian poetry and what was its relation to the civilizational transformations that preceded Andalusia’s final fall?

This study aims to reveal the multiple dimensions of alienation (temporal, spatial personal existential) and to explore the aesthetic tools employed by Andalusian poets to express their inner fragmentation and civilizational anguish It draws on selected texts from poets such as Ibn Abdun, Ibn Zaydun, and Lisan al-Din Ibn al-Khatib

The research adopts a psychological civilizational critical methodology integrating literary psychology with the analysis of poetic structure. It highlights stylistic features that intensify the psychological dimension of alienation—such as fragmented imagery recurring symbols melancholic internal rhythm emotionally charged vocabulary and closed circular poetic structures.

The study concludes that late Andalusian poetry shifted from a function of rhetorical ornamentation to one of emotional resistance and protest against collapse The alienated self-emerged as a collective voice of a crumbling civilization, rather than merely a personal expression of individual sorrow

It further asserts that this poetry may be considered a collective psychological document of a civilizational crisis reaffirming literature’s role as a precise record of psychological and cultural transformations concurrent with political and social change

Finally, the study calls for a methodological rereading of Andalusian literature through an integrated psychological-civilizational lens and encourages comparative approaches with other literary experiences—such as early 20th-century Arab émigré poetry and Palestinian Nakba poetry—for their shared emotional and structural parallels in expressing loss and historical disconnection.