Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part A (2023)

Education is the sole key to the social and economic development of a country. As a result, a futuristic and well-precise education policy has become extremely essential and indispensable. The only way to ensure success through the implementation of such progressive educational policies is to in still them in young minds in their years of development and moulding. No doubt, Education has attained a key position in the knowledge society both at the national and global levels as well. Over the last two decades, India has remarkably transformed its higher education landscape. It has created widespread access to low-cost high-quality university education for students of all levels. With well-planned expansion and a student-centric learning-driven model of education, India has not only bettered its enrolment numbers but has dramatically enhanced its learning outcomes. A differentiated three-tiered university system, where each tier has a distinct strategic objective – has enabled universities to build on their strengths and cater to different categories of educational needs. Further, with the effective use of technology, India has been able to resolve the longstanding tension between excellence and equity. India has also undertaken large-scale reforms to better faculty-student ratios by making teaching an attractive career path, expanding the capacity for doctoral students at research universities, and delinking educational qualifications from teaching eligibility. However, the challenges faced are immense and far-reaching. This paper focuses on identifying the key challenges like the demand-supply gap, quality education, research and development, faculty shortage, etc. in India's education sector.